Well water in Connecticut: testing, risks and certified labs by county

About 23% of Connecticut residents get their drinking water from a private well. Private wells aren't covered by federal drinking water rules, so owners are responsible for testing their own water.

Source: CT DEEP Drinking Water FAQ

Counties

  • Fairfield County

    Arsenic

    About 11,400 people on private wells may have arsenic above the drinking water limit of 10 micrograms per liter (likely 7,700 to 16,800).

    USGS estimate based on 2010 population, published 2017.

    Connecticut advises well owners to compare their results to this limit.

    Radon

    Indoor radon potential: High

    EPA zone for indoor air. It doesn't measure your well water.

    Private-well labs

    3 certified private-well labs

  • Hartford County

    Arsenic

    About 3,600 people on private wells may have arsenic above the drinking water limit of 10 micrograms per liter (likely 2,400 to 5,300).

    USGS estimate based on 2010 population, published 2017.

    Connecticut advises well owners to compare their results to this limit.

    Radon

    Indoor radon potential: Lower

    EPA zone for indoor air. It doesn't measure your well water.

    Private-well labs

    2 certified private-well labs

  • Litchfield County

    Arsenic

    About 3,500 people on private wells may have arsenic above the drinking water limit of 10 micrograms per liter (likely 2,300 to 5,100).

    USGS estimate based on 2010 population, published 2017.

    Connecticut advises well owners to compare their results to this limit.

    Radon

    Indoor radon potential: Moderate

    EPA zone for indoor air. It doesn't measure your well water.

    Private-well labs

    No certified private-well labs are listed for Litchfield County.

  • Middlesex County

    Arsenic

    About 6,100 people on private wells may have arsenic above the drinking water limit of 10 micrograms per liter (likely 4,100 to 8,800).

    USGS estimate based on 2010 population, published 2017.

    Connecticut advises well owners to compare their results to this limit.

    Radon

    Indoor radon potential: High

    EPA zone for indoor air. It doesn't measure your well water.

    Private-well labs

    1 certified private-well lab

  • New Haven County

    Arsenic

    About 6,800 people on private wells may have arsenic above the drinking water limit of 10 micrograms per liter (likely 4,600 to 9,800).

    USGS estimate based on 2010 population, published 2017.

    Connecticut advises well owners to compare their results to this limit.

    Radon

    Indoor radon potential: High

    EPA zone for indoor air. It doesn't measure your well water.

    Private-well labs

    6 certified private-well labs

  • New London County

    Arsenic

    About 2,900 people on private wells may have arsenic above the drinking water limit of 10 micrograms per liter (likely 2,000 to 4,200).

    USGS estimate based on 2010 population, published 2017.

    Connecticut advises well owners to compare their results to this limit.

    Radon

    Indoor radon potential: High

    EPA zone for indoor air. It doesn't measure your well water.

    Private-well labs

    No certified private-well labs are listed for New London County.

  • Tolland County

    Arsenic

    About 12,100 people on private wells may have arsenic above the drinking water limit of 10 micrograms per liter (likely 8,700 to 16,700).

    USGS estimate based on 2010 population, published 2017.

    Connecticut advises well owners to compare their results to this limit.

    Radon

    Indoor radon potential: Moderate

    EPA zone for indoor air. It doesn't measure your well water.

    Private-well labs

    No certified private-well labs are listed for Tolland County.

  • Windham County

    Arsenic

    About 5,800 people on private wells may have arsenic above the drinking water limit of 10 micrograms per liter (likely 4,200 to 7,900).

    USGS estimate based on 2010 population, published 2017.

    Connecticut advises well owners to compare their results to this limit.

    Radon

    Indoor radon potential: Moderate

    EPA zone for indoor air. It doesn't measure your well water.

    Private-well labs

    1 certified private-well lab

What to test for

The Connecticut Department of Public Health recommends these tests for every private well.

TestHow often
Basic indicators (bacteria, nitrate, pH, iron and other common measures)Every year, and after any repair to your well, pump or pipes, or if your well head floods
Arsenic, uranium and radon in waterAt least once, ideally every 5 years
LeadAt least once; also if you're planning a pregnancy or have a child under 6; every 3 to 5 years if your water is corrosive
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs: gasoline, oil, solvents)At least once; more often if a problem is suspected
FluorideEvery 5 years when a child under 12 lives in the home

Questions about testing or treatment? Call the CT DPH Private Well Program at (860) 509-8401.

Source: Connecticut Department of Public Health, Educational Materials on private well testing (updated May 2026)

Sources